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Abstract data types and object-orientation
ADTs allows the creation of instances with well-defined properties and behaviour. In object-orientation ADTs are referred to as classes. Therefore a class defines properties of objects which are the instances in an object-oriented environment.

| ADTs define functionality by putting main emphasis on the involved data, their structure, operations as well as axioms and preconditions. Consequently, object-oriented programming is ``programming with ADTs'': combining functionality of different ADTs to solve a problem. Therefore instances (objects) of ADTs (classes) are dynamically created, destroyed and used.